Oil burner filter



Dec. 29, 1953 w. v. CZARNECKI, JR., ET AL 2,564,312

OIL BURNER FILTER Original Filed Feb. 21, 1950 17 F 12.2. IO [N v 6 1a 2 1 t 1 y 1 23 25 11 I Ti .4 j

Patented Dec. 29, 1953 011. BURNER FILTER Walter V. Czarnecki, Jr., Baederwood, and Casimer M. Czarnecki, Philadelphia, Pa., assignors to Eddington Metal Specialty Company, Eddington, Pa., a copartnership Original application February 21, 1950, Serial No.

145,494. Divided and this application December 22, 1950, Serial No. 202,242

2 Claims. 1

The present invention relates to oil burner filters and is concerned primarily with a filter that is immediately associated with the spray nozzle of an oil burner. This application is a division of the copending application of Walter V. Czarne-cki, Jr., and Casimer M. Czarnecki, Serial Number 145,494, filed February 21, 1950, now Patent No. 2,631,892 granted March 17, 1953 and entitled Oil Burner Filter.

At the present time just about every oil burner installation includes a spray nozzle. Such nozzles are characterized by the presence of a small orifice through which the oil is forced under pressure to give the atomized or spray effect. With the modern installations these orifices are often quite small, in some instances having a diameter of three one-thousandths of an inch. It is evident that such fine orifices are very easily clogged up by any fine solid particles which may be present in the fuel oil which is forced therethrough.

A modern oil burner installation also ordinarily includes a storage tank forthe fue1 oil and a pump for building up a required degree of pressure on the oil. Because of the danger of clogging up the orifice in the spray no zle it has been the practice to include a filter of some type in the installation. This filter has either been located at the storage tank or at the pump. It is evident that in either case, the filter is removed a substantial distance from the spray nozzle. With such an arrangement there is a very likely possibility that small particles of metal will come loose from the pipes or conduits through which the fuel oil passes in traveling from the filter to the spray nozzle. Such small particles constitute a serious hazard which has resulted in the closing of the orifice in thespray nozzle.

The condition above outlined has beenrecognized by those working in this field. In view of this recognition, certain arrangements have been provided in attempt to screen or filter the fuel oil at the nozzle itself. One of these known arrangements involves the use of a wire screen or mesh. In order to efiectively screen the oil and insure that no fine solid particles will get to the orifice, it has been necessary to employ a very fine mesh. However, when such a fine mesh is employed, the wires forming the mesh become coated with a film of the fuel oil which passes therethrough and when subject to the heat of the burner this film solidifies with the ultimate result that the fine mesh is closed and no oil gets to the nozzle. Thus, the use of a wire screen or mesh, sufficiently fine to effectively screen the oil, is indicated as not practical.

Another arrangement has been to employ a composite filter which is in the nature of a stone. Such a filter comprises a porous block which is made of fine particles or granules of metal which are bonded together in such a manner as to afford the porosity necessary for a filter. Such a composite block has been located immediately adjacent to the spray nozzle. However, inasmuch as these filter blocks are subject to heat and pressure, it has been found that under practical conditions small particles of the filter block itself work loose and clog up the orifice in the spray nozzle.

With the ioregoingconditions in mind, the present invention has in view, as a highly important objective, the provision of a spray nozzle having an orifice through which fuel oil is adapted to be passed under pressure together with a filter assembly which is immediately associated with the spray nozzle. This filter assembly includes as its characteristic element a mass of fibrous filter material such as felt through which the oil must pass in order to get to the spray nozzle.

One type of oil burner nozzle with which this invention is concerned comprises a dome-like member formed with the small orifice above mentioned which opens into an internal conical seat. Engaging this seat is a core member formed with diagonal kerfs, the inner ends of which terminate a slight distance from the orifice. Another highly important object of the invention is to provide, in combination with an oil burner nozzle of the type above indicated, a filter assembly including a filter holding cage having a tubular extension which extends up into the nozzle proper and engages the core member to hold the latter in position.

Ordinarily the oil burner nozzle has a .neck or extension which is externally threaded and screwed into a body or coupling which is in turn connected to a conduit leading to the source of supply of fuel oil. It is an established fact that the internal threads on this body or coupling member are standardized throughout the industry; whereas, the threaded socket on the nozzle apparent, and in part be hereinafter stated as the description of the invention proceeds.

The invention therefore comprises the combination of a spray-nozzle having a dome-like portion formed with an orifice together with vacore member that cooperates with this orifice and a filter assembly including a filter holding cage that is screwed into said nozzle and has a portion engaging said core member to hold the latterin position. In a modified form'the filter holding cage is screwed into a coupl ng member that is carried by the nozzle rather than the nozale'itself.

For a full and more complete understanding of the invention, reference may be had to the following description and accompanying drawing wherein:

Fi ure l is a side view partly in section and partly in e evat on of a s ray nozzle and co 'bl ri member carried thereby with a filter assembly appl ed thereto in accordance'with-tne pi ecepts of this invention.

Fi u e 2 is a view'in side"elevation of the filter a's'sembly per se of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is smothers-lee viewparuv ihserit'ifon andb'artly in elevationshowing a modified form of filter assen'i ly'as moun ed ina body or ooupling' rather than the nozzle.

Figure i *sa'to' olauv'iew or'thefilterassmbiy shown in Figure" 3.

Fig'ur'el sho ifsa some shav ng 'a dome-like port on ill and an e en ion 'I i'whi'ch'is hrith internally and extern lly th eaded. A bod or couplin mem er I? is n e nallv threa ed at neen'd and screwed nto th s"i'nter'nally 'threaded portion is t e thre ded extension H.

"Vvith n the Home lll'is'aconicalse'at l3 withan orifice I l exteniiing 'thrmi h'tbeddme'an'd lemmas at the apex of the 'con ca lse t. A'co 'e'me ber ili'has n per con cal "s face IR in 'e l ement with the seat I 3 and th s iirfatce" 'sfoi-med with cuts or" ker'fs H Ext ndin radiall outwar' lv about the core m mber P5 is a T -nae l3 present ng a down ardly ex-no edshonlder ill. The core member it also carries a downward y de ending skirt 2B. the up er ed e of which is spaced from the shoulder lQby an annular'recess 2!.

'The filter assembly includes as it's man'n'elemen't a'filter' holding ca e whichis referred to in its entirety by the reference character (I. The cage C includes a central body member- 2'2 which is externally threaded and screwed into the internal threads of the neck H. Extending upwardly from the body member 22 isa tubi lar extension 23 formed with ports '24. This tubular e'xtension23 enclosesthe skirt 2i] and at its'upper end edge engages the shoulder iii of the flange 18 so as to hold the core member in'p'ositi'o'n within the nozzle'N' with the conical surface iii in engagem'entwith the conic'al'seat #3.

Depending downwardly 'from the body portion 22 is a lower tubular extension 25 terminatingat its lower end in an enlarged thickened portion which is formed as a hex E i-for wrench-engaging purposes. This extension 25 is formed with ports 2-? and positioned therewithin is a filter plug 28. The filter plugzil engages a screen disc 29 at its upper end and this screen disc bears against an internal shoulder 30 formed in the main body portion 22. A retaining ring 31 engages the lower a counterbored portion of the lower extension 25 with a pressed fit holds the plug 28 in position.

It is evident that the filter holding cage C not only carries the essential elements of the filter 'assemblyhut also serves as a means for maintain ing the core !3 in proper position within the nozzle N.

The modification Figure 3 shows a body member or coupling 12 Which'is"substantially identical with the same body member or coupling shown in Figure 1 "wherein itis similarly designated. Ehe coupling member i2 has a bore 32, the upper portion of which is threadedand shown at This bore Ltermin'ates-in a-trlincated conical shoulder 3i. Theen'd portion-opposite to the threads is of increased thickness and externally formed as a hex '35 for wrench-engaging purposes. thickenedportion is also formed with a tapered threaded socket 35 whereby it is adapted. for connection toa fuel oil conduit.

A'filte'r assembly is shown as including a cage "C! as its main element. The cage Ci comprises a body portion 3? which is externally threaded as represented at 38 and the threads are screwed into the threads 33 to position the cage Cl within the bore 32. The main body portion 3's is formed with a central bore 39 and the upper surface thereof "i'sfoi'ihed with a 'eross'eut ill -which is adapted to receive a screw driver "for the purpose of screwing the cage Ci into the threads 33.

The berets terminates at a shoulder ll, and bearing against this shoulder is "a screen disc :32. Depending downwardly from the main body portion'ii'l'is atubular extension or sleeve 13 formed with ports id and having an internal bore 15. Besolved in the bore is a'felt filter plug 43 and the upper end of thisplug bears against the scr en disc 42. The "felt plug can held in position by a retaining ring l! which is fitted into a counter bored'section" bya pressed fit.

Thereare occasions when the cage Ci will be screwed "down suficiently far to cause the lower edge of the sleeve to engage the seatsd. Moreover ,this lower end edge is ordinarily of the conical'formation depicted at 48 so that if this engagement takes place oil will prevented from flowing out about the cage C I. To avoid this condition one of two arrangements may be employed. Figure 5'shows the lower end edge of the sleeve 43 ascut awayat diametrically opposite points ii through which the fuel oil may pass. Figure '3 shows a slightly different arrangement in which the lower end of the sleeve 43 is formed with four notches or cuts 5%) which are spaced ninety degrees apart.

While preferred specific embodiments of the invention are hereinbefore set forth, it is to be clearly understood that the invention is not to limited to the exact constructions, mechanisms and devices illustrated and described because various modifications of these details maybe 133') vided. in putting the inventioniinto practice within the purview of the appended claims.

-What is claimed is:

l.-In combination, an oil burner nozzle, including a dome-like portion having an internal conical seat and orifice communicating with said seat at the apex thereof, said nozzle also having an extension remote from the dome-like portion which is internally threaded, a core member in said nozzle having a conical surface engaging said seat and formed with lzerfs, and

end of the filter plug 23'and-heing mounted ill-a ;5 a filter assembly-assembled on'said nozzle, said filter assembly including a filter holding cage comprising an intermediate body portion that is externally threaded and screwed into the internal threads of said extension, a tubular extension extending upwardly from said body portion and engaging said core member to hold the latter in position in said nozzle, a depending tubular extension carried by said intermediate body portion and formed with ports, a screen disc positoned within said cage, a felt filter plug within said depending extension and engaging said screen disc, and means for maintaining said filter plug assembled in said depending extension.

2. In combination, an oil burner nozzle including a dome-like portion having an internal conical seat and an orifice communicating with said seat at the apex thereof, said nozzle also having an extension remote from the dome-like portion which is internally and externally threaded, a core member in said nozzle having a conical surface engaging said seat and formed with kerfs, a flange outstanding from said core member presenting a downwardly exposed shoulder and a skirt carried by said core member and disposed beneath said shoulder, and a filter assembly assembled on said nozzle, said filter assembly including a filter holding cage comprising an intermediate body portion that is externally threaded and screwed into the internal threads of said extension, a tubular extension extending up- Wardly from said body portion receiving said skirt, engaging said shoulder, and formed with ports, a depending tubular extension carried by said intermediate body portion and formed with ports, a screen disc positioned within said cage, a felt filter plug within said depending extension and engaging said screen disc, means for maintaining said filter plug assemb ed in said depending extension, and a coupling member having a bore that is internally threaded at one end with the internal threads receiving the external threads of said extension.

Vi/ALTER V. CZARNECZ JR.

CASIMER M. CZARNECKI.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,140,758 Miller May 25, 1915 1,335,899 Kahlenloerg Apr. 6, 1920 1,876,377 Wilson Sept. 6, 1932 1,982,871 Hubbard Dec. i, 1934 2,071,920 Czarnecki Feb. 23, 193! 2,1451%? Goldkamp J an. 2%, 193.9 2,361,818 Brightwell Oct. 31, 19 A FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 358,115 Italy Apr. 7, 1938 

